# Car seat cushioning (for adults) softens the blow in a frontal collision

Alexander Ioffe

Already there are devices softens the blow. The remarkable seat belts and air bags. This project proposes to chair the original design, which will also work to mitigate the impact, and not at all disturbing the existing ones, as it will operate on the other side of the human body. If seat belts and air bag man meets the chest and face, the chair will "grab" his back and nape. During an emergency, seat (his back and head restraint) nestle on the back and nape, carry out vacuum gripper by pumping air from the ducts, the openings of which are on the surface of the chair, and then go into shock-absorbing mode and will gently hinder the movement of the person forward by inertia. By the way, this chair is suitable not only for cars but also for any other transport: land, air, water and underwater.

FOREWORD

The most serious injury to human beings in the collision of two vehicles, or from the fact that the car crashed into some sort of barrier. Man gets hit on the front panel of the car, steering wheel, or, if we speak about the passengers in the rear seats, the seat backs of the front seated. Already there are devices softens the blow. The remarkable seat belts and air bags. This project proposes to chair the original design, which will also work to mitigate the impact, and not at all disturbing the existing ones, as it will operate on the other side of the human body. If seat belts and air bag man meets the chest and face, the chair will "grab" his back and nape. During an emergency, seat (his back and head restraint) nestle on the back and nape, carry out vacuum gripper by pumping air from the ducts, the openings of which are on the surface of the chair, and then go into shock-absorbing mode and will gently hinder the movement of the person forward by inertia. The illustration (Pict.1) shows the state of the chair during the accident. It can be seen that the springs prevent the advancement of the human body forward, as they are fixed and half chairs effected vacuum gripper and stationary half (stalled after capture).

Pict.6


SIGNATURES TO DRAWINGS

1 . The hinge with a spring and an electromagnetic clamp or with a servomotor.

2 . Filler.

3 . Fabric.

4 . Spring.

5 . Core - the holder of a head restraint of a chair.

6 . Tube for air.

7 . Opening for air.

8 . Pressure sensor.

9 . Lattice strip.

10 . Wedge.

11 .Coil.

12 . Braking device.

13 . Case of a head restraint of a chair (its half).

14 . Piston.

15 . Case of the hollow cylinder (pump).

F - inertia force.


CAR SEAT DESIGN

The car seat is divided into two halves (see Fig. 2) which can move from each other in the frontal direction (in the direction of force of the inertia arising from sharp braking or from frontal blow of the vehicle). The movement of these two halves is limited to springs 4 which have shock-absorbing effect at collision. The chair has some hinged joints 1. In the back basis, in the middle of a back and in a place of fastening of a head restraint. They connect only parts of a half, distant from a body of the person. In a back of a chair and a head restraint there are tubes 6 on which there can be an air. On a surface of the chair half, next to the person, on its back and a head restraint openings for the movement of air 7 and sensors of pressure 8 are located (see Fig. 3). They can be executed in two options as it is shown in Fig. 3a (round openings) and 3b (lattices). Openings or lattices are connected to air tubes. Strips of lattices 9 shouldn't be too narrow and stick into a body of the sitting. In the normal mode of the movement a chair (its back and a head restraint) follow the movements of the body sitting, providing rather dense pressing to it. This can be achieved, for example, by means of springs in the joints, or servo motors, turning back and the head restraint chairs, controlled distance sensors, photocells say. At operation of system of the warning of blow, for example from a radar or from acceleration* (similar to systems in safety cushions), the free movement of the joints, as backrest and head restraint must catch up with the human body (if the actuator, the need to disconnect it, so it does not interfere with the acceleration components of the chair)**, suction of air from tubes joins, and the body of the person, his back and a nape, are attracted to lattices/openings due to the created vacuum. After such "vacuum capture" of a body to which success indications of sensors of pressure will testify (a certain percent from them will work), the chair passes into the shock-absorbing mode. Are fixed hinges (are stopped) and, thus, the half of a chair, distant from a body of the person, becomes motionless. The back of a chair and a head restraint (their part, next to the person) now softly resist advance, at the expense of springs, as provides shock-absorbing effect. Not to put to the person a serious trauma already at this stage of his inertial advance (he for the present didn't meet a safety cushion), we will tell not to break cervical and back vertebras, springs are connected to the fixed part of the seat by means of coils (Figure 4 item 11) with a wound on them using cables (cables attached to springs) and the coils will be unwound at a certain force (slightly less dangerous), the value of which should prompt physicians. Unwinding coils will provide resistance to the movement of cables with a constant force, safe for humans, due to the braking devices (Figure 4 item 12).

For safety of the most vacuum capture can be it is necessary to make special valves of pressure - an opening in tubes for the air, not allowing too strongly "to stick" into a body of the person. Again physicians have to prompt their diameter. As the pump for pumping out of air it is possible to offer inertial, shown in Fig. 5. At sharp braking, the piston 14 by inertia will move forward in the case 15 and to pump out air. Fast creation of vacuum can achieve also in other ways, for example, by an example of medical cans, to burn in the vessel connected to tubes of mobile part of a chair, certain materials (what - it is necessary to consult to chemists); or to create in this vessel vacuum previously, and at accident to break the partition dividing it internal space with tubes. In order that the dust didn't get in air, system it is possible to close in a normal mode of movement openings gates which will open at sharp braking or blow. It is possible to take as a basis, for example, the mechanism of opening of a lens of the camera (See Fig. 6).

NOTES

* For inclusion of operation of the device it is possible to offer also the following method. The special auxiliary device will make calculation based on two parameters: car speeds at the time of pressing a pedal of a brake and "depth" of pressing of this pedal. But this device will be additional to radar and to based on acceleration (negative when braking).

** You can try to use the Bernoulli effect for the approximation of the seat back to the body - namely, to direct a jet of air in the gap between them, and with sufficient approximation -disconnect. In addition to improving the ability to "capture" of the body, the Bernoulli effect also can act as a major shock-absorbing power, but then the design of the chair should change significantly. The theoretical development of this construction is already underway.