Коганицкий Григорий Аронович. Method of vibration's reduction of automatic weapon

Method of vibration's reduction of automatic weapon by means of resting a spring of a breechblock onto moving frame connecting to the auxiliary gas piston

In present time, in the production models of the automatic weapon, the reload spring of a breechblock completely transfers the effort arising during the recharging process from the breechblock to all weapon's framework, which give rise to its vibration and accuracy decreasing of shooting.

The existing prototype models having both the additional gas piston and the basic gas piston in same cylinder and in which each of pistons start to move simultaneously with gas supply into its cylinder are unstable in work or demand the mechanical synchronizing mechanism.

In the offered method, vibration is reduced because the breechblock's spring rests on the floating framework integrated with the auxiliary gas piston, moving in an antiphase regarding the basic gas piston , and each gas piston have the an independent cylinder that supplied by gas through an independent orifice from the barrel.

There are two main variants the implementation of this scheme -

A - The submachine gun that uses free bolt and carrying out firing from open bolt.

In this scheme two independent points of extraction of powder gases are used.

The first, which is located closer to the chamber used for the auxiliary gas cylinder - 2b and second, which is located closer to the end of the barrel used for the primary gas cylinder - 2a

B - Assault Rifle in which movement of the basic gas piston and the breechblock integrated with him is being started only at achievement of the auxiliary gas piston's framework to the structurally predetermined position (9а ->9).

As result of that, in initial moment of movement of the basic gas piston and breechblock, the auxiliary gas piston and its framework have had sufficient movement's speed and the reload spring is tightened.

Such usage of the recoil spring of the breechblock, which is supported on the moving frame associated with the auxiliary gas piston allows to open the shutter in mode with the high resistance of short, stiff spring and, close it in mode with the long and weak spring.

That technical decision allows reducing the impacts of moments and forces generated during firing and recharging, and reduce the blow in moment of the chambering without using a mechanical synchronizer. It is executed by means of the interaction of two masses moving in opposite directions and by control of the breechblock through changing the spring efforts on various stages of recharging.

In addition, gas release and bypass of discharged gas off the auxiliary gas cylinder through the injecting gas-brake before of shot termination allows making additional controlling and balancing of the forces arising at a shot.

Time delay to start of the breechblock movement in relation to the auxiliary gas piston's position allow to decrease an auxiliary gas piston's mass and carry out start of breechblock movement with preliminary pressed spring

The simplified scheme of working of automatics Fig1

Barrel -1; the gas cylinders' module - 2; 2a and 2b - point of gas extraction; the basic gas piston connected with breech-block - 3; the auxiliary gas piston connected to a framework - 4; a working spring of breechblock - 5; the position of a framework of an auxiliary gas piston at which breechblock is deblocked - 9; the injecting gas brake - 10.

The mechanism works as follows - Fig2 (a variant of assault rifle is considered)

(A-B) - In initial moment of shot: breechblock is locked and concatenated with barrel; working spring-5 is moving apart basic-3 and auxiliary-4 gas pistons, and hold it in ultimate position inside of gases' cylinders;

B - After gases are supplied into the cylinders: the auxiliary gas piston-4, under gas's action, initiates own movement in regard to the basis gas piston-3, compressing working spring in regard to its and the breechblock; the basis gas piston and the breechblock are locked till the moment of framework's movement through position 9

C - The auxiliary gas piston opens bypass ports of own cylinder and continues movement by inertia. Gas outgoing from the auxiliary cylinder injects air by the injecting gas brake. This injected air cools the barrel and carries out additional compensation of the arising moments. The deblocked breechblock and the basic gas piston connected with him move into a rear position, additionally compressing the working spring.

D-E - The auxiliary gas piston changes direction of movement on opposite. The basic gas piston and the breechblock reach the rear position, extract a cartridge case and accept following cartridge.

L - The auxiliary gas piston moves in extreme front position inside the cylinder. The working spring, overcoming total inertia of movable parts, starts recharging new cartridge.

G - Automatics are ready to a new shot - all movable parts in an initial position; breechblock is closed and locked.

Examples of possible usage of schemes described above

Prospective design of assault carbine Fig 5, Fig 6

The assault carbine is designed by means of bullpup's design usage. It has collimator sight 8 and grenade launcher 7 assembled under barrel.

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Features of this assault carbine and its automatics are:

-- Usage of the design and working principles of the automatic which are declared above allows lowering the unbalanced moments and vibration during shooting;

-- The injecting brake usage on the auxiliary cylinder allows, at acceptable loss of a cartridge's power, to provide cooling a barrel and an additional indemnification of the unbalanced moments by means of injecting by gas of the big stream of air in a direction back;

-- Displacement of the pistol grip respect to shot axis (for shooting from the right hand - B and from the left hand - A) allows to relocate a magazine closer to the centre of gravity;

-- Centre of gravity is located directly before the pistol handle. It gives possibility to shooting by one hand;

-- The safety catch of the underbarrel grenade launcher is kept cocked by a pressing of the big finger of the left hand. The pressed safety catch redirect trigger from the basic shot on the shooting by grenade (supporting grip on a grenade casing is not being shown);

-- The air intake for the injecting brake may be located, for example, on a forward end of barrel boxes, and injected air may be released through "gills" located on its left side under a sight.

/ In special case - usage of powerful grenade - shooting by grenade may be performed in moment of a running-forward of the grenade launcher that should be coupled to auxiliary gas piston. The grenade shooting is carried out with time delay relative to a basic shooting, which is needed for running-forward of the grenade launcher. In additional, in moment of grenade's shooting, an accessory bypass of gases into the injecting brake is carried out automatically. /

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Comparative proportions of Kalashnikov's assault rifle Fig 7 and a hypothetical assault carbine designed with usage of described above in patent application Fig 8, which has same as AK cartridge's type, calibre and barrel length. This assault carbine may be designed either on base of AK or uses near 70% of standard parts of AK.

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Method of vibration's reduction of automatic weapon