Аннотация: Collection in ancient Greek language of teachings and passages from various historical, mathematical and philosophical, etc. texts (sources).
1.Ἡ στρατιὰ πείθεται τῷ στρατηγῷ.
1. Army believes in his strategist (general).
2. Ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων πολιτεία ἄρχε ται ὑπὸτοῦδήμου.
2. Athenian state owned (of old) citizens (people).
6. The Athenians prepared to fight for freedom, against the Persian triplets.
7.Πάσης γε λύπης γίγνετ̓ἰατρὸς χρόνος.
7. Time heals pain.
8. Ἀνάγκῃ οὐ δὲ θεοὶμά χονται.
8 . Even gods useless to go against fate.
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Περὶ τῶν θεῶν - About gods
1 Οἱ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἀοιδοί ᾖ δον πολλοὺς μὲνθεοὺς ἐν τῷοὐρανῷ, πολλοὺς δὲ ἐντοῖς ποταμοῖς ἤ ἐντοῖς ἀγροῖς βιοτεύειν. - The Achaean aoidos (singers) sang that many of the gods lived in the sky, many others in rivers or fields.
2.Ἐνόμιζον δὲ οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ μεγίστους θεοὺς εἶναι δώδεκα·? Ζεύς, Ἥρα, Ποσειδῶν, Δημήτηρ, Ἀπόλλων, Ἄρτεμις, Ἄρης, Ἀφροδίτη, Ἀθηνᾶ, Ἑρμῆς, Ἑστία, Ἥφαίστος - The Achaeans believed that there were twelve powerful (main) gods:
3. Ἑκάστῳ δὲ τῶν θεῶν ἴδιον ἔργον εἶναι ἐνόμιζον - Each of the gods had a kind of occupation (work / craft) that the Achaeans believed in.
4 . Ζεὺς κὺριος θεῶντε καὶ ἀνθρώπωνἦν. - Zeus was the lord of gods and men.
5 . Ποσειδῶν ἦρχε τῶν ποταμῶν καὶ τοῦ πόντου. - Poseidon ruled over the rivers and seas.
6. Ἑρμῆς τῶν θεῶν ἄγγελος ἦν καὶ τῶν ὁδῶ νἦρχεν. - Hermes was the herald of the gods and ruled over the roads.
7. Δημήτηρ καρπῶν καὶ σίτου θεὸς ἦν. - Demeter was the goddess of agriculture and fertility.
8. Ἀπὸ παλαιοῦ οἱ Ἑλληνικοὶ ἄνθρωποι θεοὺς ξένους ἐξ ἀλλοτρίων λαῶν (λεών) ἐξῆγον καὶ ὑστερον τοὺς ἐκτῆς Αἱγύπτου θεοὺς ἐθερά πευο νἀντὶ τῶν ἰδίωνπα λαιῶν θεῶν. - Since antiquity, the Greeks brought foreign gods from foreign tribes, who later revered gods from Egypt on a par with their own ancient gods.
1. Since ancient times, the Greeks sought to rule over the coast of Asia, so the fleet was often sent to Asia. Indeed, for ten years the Achaeans and their allies besieged Troy.
2. On the one hand, the Achaeans had the first Achilles, and on the other, Hector of the Trojans.
3. Much later, Homer sang about the affairs of that decade.
4. Other aidos narrated that the Achaeans made a wooden horse and Achaean brave souls hid inside.
5. And now, in the tenth year, the Achaeans seize Troy with cunning, and Ilion and the country are devastated.
6. For a long time, our contemporaries believed that the works of Homer were not reliable.
7. Now we believe that the events of the Trojan War were real.
8. For the German traveler, when he was still a young man, turned his mind on the basis of those ancient myths: he loved them the most.
9. And digging with his companions.
10. After a considerable time, he dug (dig up) a large fortress (castle) and numerous treasures.
11. He found gold jewelry, silver bowls and copper shields (brass weapons), and human remains in large quantities.
1. People should always have a distinction (law) to: justice and injustice.
2. Quietly (peacefully) to hold a meeting (congresses, conversations).
3. The language was often the cause of hatred (contention).
4. The beginning of friendship has always been appreciated (praised), and hatred - criticized.
5. Knowledge is the source of wisdom, but not of valor.
6. Always be stoic (strong), together in philosophy hopes for healing, through philosophers the soul heals.
The Stoics affirmed the treatment of the soul in medicine, and the philosophers in psychology.
7. Brothers only consider true friends.
8. The misfortune of friends consider their own misfortunes.
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Ἀπὸ παλαιοῦ οἱ ἄνθρωποι μακρὸν χρόνον ἐπίστευον, ὅτι οἱ θεοὶ πανταχοῦ πάρεισιν, τοῦ τῶν ἀνθρώπων βίου μετέχουσι καὶ τοῖς μὲντὸν ὄλβον ἐπιτιθέασι, πλούσιους οἴ κους διδόασιν, τοῖς δὲοὔ? οἴκους μὲνδιαφθείρουσιν, οἰκείους δ" ἀπολλύασιν. - Since ancient times, for a long time, people believed that the gods are everywhere, take part in their lives and give happiness to one, give rich houses, others do not: they destroy and destroy their inhabitants at home.
Βίον καὶ θάνατον δῶρα τῶν θεῶνἐ νόμιζον. - Life and death were the gifts of the gods.
Τοῖς θεοῖς οὖν παντοῖα θηρία ἔθυον, ὥσπερ ἵππους καὶ ταύρους. - Therefore, various animals were sacrificed, for example, horses and bulls.
Οἱ μὲνἈχαιοὶτοὺςθεοὺςἀνθρώπους ἐνόμιζον, οἱδὲ βάρβαροι, ὥσπερ οἱΣκύθαι, ἡλίῳ καὶ ἀνέμῳἔθυον. - The Acheans of those gods were considered human beings, while the barbarians, for example, the Scythians, were sacrificed to the sun and the wind.
Οἱ μὲν τοὺς θεοὺς μάλιστα ἐθεράπευον καὶτοῖςθεοῖς βωμοὺς καὶἱερὰἵδρυον, οἱδὲ πολλάκιςοὔτε βωμοὺς, οὔτενεὼς κατεσκεύαζον. - The former highly honored the gods and built altars and temples for them, while the latter often did not have altars or temples.
Ὕστερον δὲ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθήνησι τὰτῶν θεῶν ἱερα καλὰεἶχον. - Subsequently, the Athenians in Athens had beautiful temples of the gods.
Καὶ πολλοὶξένοιἐκάστοῦἐνιαυτοῦἈθήναζε** ἧκον, εἰ καὶοἱοἶκοι αὺτῶν μακρὰνὀδὸν* ἀπεῖχον καὶ ἐνὁδοῖς πολλάκιςμεγίστουςκινδύνουςἐκινδύνευον, καὶτοὺςνεὼςἐθαύμαζον. - And many foreigners came to Athens every year, although their houses were far from Athens, and on the way they were often exposed to great dangers, and those temples were surprised.
Ὅτε Ἀθήνηθεν οἴκαδε ἧκον, τοῖς οἰκείος θαυμάσια ἔργα τὰτῶν Ἀθηναίων ἔλεγον. - When they returned home from Athens, they told the household about the amazing creations of the Athenians.
1. Do not lie, because we will no longer trust those who lie.
2. Kir, pissed off, decided to deprive his brother of power, he assembled a multitude of armies from barbarians and Greeks, and he trusted most of all to the assembled army than to the Persians.
3. "I was often surprised," Xenophon tells us, " what arguments (words) the people who accused of just Socrates convinced the Athenians that he deserved the death sentence".
4. Proverb: "Do good and throw it into the seas. "
5. Diogenes said: "All dogs bite their enemies, and I bite my friends for their own salvation."