Schumer has created not only the foundations of modern civilization, science, culture, art, urban planning, business, first written... Schumer has given us the algorithm for study this writing and the language. The question, of course, remains: how it was perceived and stored in the heads of the successors of Sumer, which are easily able to take away his key to themselves things: space, time, power, wealth - but at the same moment destroyed his school, "Edubba, Tablets house", plunging the whole Humanity into primeval darkness for many centuries, even millennia ... Ignorance is capable only of this, again and again proving it for itself, but nothing has never understood until now!
Oh, no, this Grayness dressed sometimes in the brightest clothes!
Many of us celebrate 1000, 500 and fewer years of our written language, but not 3000, not 5000. Moreover, the "own" writing, but created, basically, "aliens" - from the West! Echo Words belated thousands of years! But in any case the "urge" was outside ... Much of this urge was haughty, arrogant, imperial, European! But without this would not have been a Tamerlane, Genghis Khan & Napoleon! All would be happy to corporals stripes, rejoicing in the fullness of life of their chamber-pots!
All of our ancient culture, a culture of Homo sapiens - is a primitive designs on clay pots (Vivat, Sigmund!)! And this is after the magnificent murals on the walls of ancient cave art galleries, after many amazing paintings of the Nazca desert!
But it only says about our attitude to the past, not as to our principles, sources, but just as our decrepit forefathers! Our view in the past but rather think of geologists, archaeologists - we look deep into the centuries, the sigh of the legends of old, our "new, young" word (which for thousands of years), expressing our relationship to Him, to the childhood of Humanity. Our view in the past is more opinion of geologists, archaeologists - we look deep into the centuries, the sigh of the legends of old, and with our "new, young" word (which for thousands of years) expressing our relationship to Him, to the childhood of humanity. It's a banal projection of individual existence in the story. Philosophers build relationships of the individual or vertically - with something "higher" or, conversely, existential, or horizontally - with society. Only Freud, Jung traced the axis of absolute time ... but only in our unconscious, and there in search of the origins of "chronic" disease.
Philosophy answered they really absurd! Rather than follow this axis of the "time" in Consciousness, our "abandoned" philosophers have seized upon it short, the last segment of mindless individuals journey to nowhere, and his consciousness is not even sent to the Historical Museum, but plunged into the tomb of myths, infested only by primitive fears, hopelessness and despair ... Paradox! Freud, Jung made ??a sensible, domesticated subconscious mind, but philosophers turned consciousness of the individual in nonsense!
And the reason is one: the lack of real ideas, information about the origins of our civilization, which may well seem absurd "tree" greening without roots in the air - why, why?! And Faust did not find these roots, even in a superb, magical folklore of Europe, and European Mephistopheles has not offered him anything better than the Eastern finals St. John the Evangelist, in the literal sense of the existential, but with many other Excellences ...
Of course, the great Goethe knew better than anyone that the word was in the beginning ... And his Word! But all these "roots" is not in Europe!
The Greatest disciple of Aristotle sought these roots in the East, but has left us, more omnivorous herd of Rome, only their "gold equivalent"! At the East were directed thoughts and Alexander Nevsky, Ivan the Terrible, expanded the Russia in Siberia, but, rather, approached Siberia, East to Europe of failed crusader, still searching for the Holy Grail in the middle of lost illusions and Christmas fantasies!
But in the great History there are no fantasy, coincidences! It is no accident, that key to the first language was given to Jan Grozny, Cech, a descendant of the first Europeans, who moving the boundary of our culture to its original sources!
Yes, the words of the song can not erase! Tablets do not burn! It's clay's waiting millions of years, when man will leave on it's surface not trace of a foot, but a man's hand, and clay can wait longer.
Many paradoxes have ahead of us ... For us - a paradox!
Truth is very wise, and so it is silent among the fools, but unlike them it is immortal. The main value of the Tablets was that they was not necessary for the dark, ignorant masses, therefore they and survived, unlike many of the treasures of the pyramids, untold wealth of Alexander of Macedon, "Amber Room" or the Nibelungen treasure...
However, the bulk of the surviving Sumerian clay tablets devoted to business correspondence and documentation related to the financial, commercial operations. That is, the letter was mainly created, developed in Sumer synchronous with the development of foreign, mainly trade relations with other nations, regions and even with the mysterious ancestral home, Dilmun, whence Schumer imported a variety materials, metals, stones, wood ...
This "land, country" (Delhiy - mong; Dia - viet; Di - sin) is not in the "geography" (Dialy - viet; Di li - sin) even on the archaic Vietnamese Muong. In that's the "salt" (mun - sum; muoi - viet), or that's the whole point!
No one knows from where "come" (di, du - sum; Di - viet; idi, idti - russ) and which way "went away" (dutaah - mong) Sumerians ...
Even curious, fantastic Earth-Moon is unlikely to suit the researchers, if it appear not overseas, not at the bottom of it, but in a modern, well-known for new Columbus area ... Looking to the east we all present ourselves Marco Polo, but not Red Eric even in the 4th millennium BC.
Now no one knows where the new "Land of Sumer" (kalam; ka-na-ag2; ka-nag - sum; matu - akk) ... But I doubt anyone would look for it in a concret "place" (ki - sum; ky - viet), for example, in "Southern Vietnam "(Nam Ky - viet), in Nanjing,
where nam - viet; nan - sin = Son, man, male, south; & na, nu - sum = man ...
Perhaps we'll find it at the excavation of Atlantis, buried by volcanic ash in the other is "extinct" centers of culture, suddenly light up in different parts of the world, illuminating its bright light from a distant past ...
And they are extinguished ... Ambient Reality, illuminated by its radiance was too miserable to enjoy it forever. Our people can not live all the time in the light. He used to spend half his life in the darkness ... Mankind is not much different from the man ... A consciousness of this man who drowned in itself, is not connected with the outside world, absurd for him. So Sartre regarded ... But beyond edge of existence philosophers and should not be! There death strop the Occam's razor!
Simpler for us to "drink" (nag - sum; uong, noc - viet) without "measures" (ag2 - sum; e he - viet), to be always "drunk" (nga nga, say - viet; si - sum) like in "Russia"(Nga - viet) - it is also" the way"(nga - viet; inti - sum) of man after Noah's Flood...
But the Sumerians "declared themselves" (dilmun - sum; tuyen, tam ... - viet; tunhaglah, deed - mong; tilaus, tarkea - finn), have made "important", "significant" contribution to the history of our earth - Is that not enough? They also found a way to communicate with the world, which all philosophers have hitherto enjoyed, but sometimes not seeing beyond the tip of the pen! Yes, now and the pen is absurd!
And the fact that the people at that time could not live without each other - is a sign of civilization, spreading around the world for trade routes, the most intelligible to the heart!
But the spoken languages ??of different nations differ too much, even for physiological reasons. It is a misconception that "the organs of speech are outsiders in relation to language" (Saussure, 1999). The same Morse was directly determined by the transmitters of that time. Human Nature was preparing to talk not one million years old and not in one version!
But spoken languages could not be the basis of international business, contractual relationships, especially for Schumer, whose principal exchange "capital" was seasonal, futures, or abstract - Knowledge... Both are impossible to fix in the air... Trade, Business required an adequate sign!
If they only knew who the one is Lord, and who - his servants?! But this is the highest arithmetic! However, today the newest "tongues", sign systems used primarily in trade, in financial business!
And the written word was produced by the wise men not only as an affirmation "of the Babylonian bazaar noise", but also as a kind of "trademark", which has a well-defined customer value. Taking into account how widely has been developed in Sumer "accounting" of everything, we can say that this word was "trademark" is not only for trade items.
It should be noted that in Sumer was many subjects of trade exchange, from the Love... Many things like the daily word itself, has not yet become abstract, ideal concept, the "forbidden fruit" - except the apples, which from the birth were in Sumer on a personal account! The Lord could very simply to find out about the loss of a single apple. Who ate it - is another question! To answer this question had come up with the laws of logic, the Commandments, the laws of the earth ...
To become an "abstract," the Word was supposed to become a stranger. Although oral language, too, must have seemed the creators of the first written almost a stranger, particularly in Mesopotamia, in the passing yard of the first civilization. The Sumerians did not come here first, but they first went away, full tasted the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge planted them! In other public Garden, they are unlikely to have planted this Tree first! Nowhere It was first planted ... Tree of Life was green throughout the first...
The Sumerians themselves were strangers in this world, the first nation-existentialist, are well aware that such "abandonment"! They came, created a new world, his philosophy, language - and have remained among them alone! Forever ... Existentially!
Perhaps they, too, saw the absurdity of the world, but filled it with a completely new meanings! We can say that the Sumerians gave the world a new poly-portal program, created the first Words!
No, not gratuitously ...
Philosophy, Wisdom, Word is much more profitable trading! They can easily and at an exorbitant price to sell, exchange their views. But only if the convictions is not! When they are, it is no longer trading, but the Service of Hire.
***
In Sumer, along with the main language "eme-sisa", already mentioned "great language" (eme-sukud), "exalted language" (eme-suh) and the "curve, secret language" (eme-tena), but they are not identified in the written memorials (Falkenstein 1959). In contrast, usual, business-word, apparently, has no real value without their equivalents, to keep it or destroy like relics, whether domestic or foreign. It has survived ...
Yes, Sumerian manuscripts do not burn, although it was fired!
But we in search of correspondences between languages is very distant nations often are focused on the most primitive (stable, purely national, it seems to us) forms and objects of domestic life: pots, soup, millet ...
We do not always take into account to which culture (area of distribution) refers, for example, a chamber pot of princess, described in the literature of the ancient people, who's seems to us very isolated at the time of writing, often very nostalgic ... The Kings were able to write, but there was no one to write them!
Here, we unwittingly become like Freud, with his system-spanning potty routine. Our pots!
But all this is not so surprising when compared, for example, with our arrogant distrust to geographical knowledge of quite competent William Shakespeare, who knew from somewhere in the 16-17 centuries, Venetian merchants no worse than his own former kings!!!
Shakespeare, who lived much later than authors and heroes of the "Old Edda", "Kalevala", "Beowulf", " Song of the Nibelungs", " Iliad", "The Song of Igor's Campaign", not to mention the real Gilgamesh and Alexander the Great, with their geographical knowledge! Shakespeare, who lived among the ruins of the Great Roman Empire, still smoldering in the temples, churches...
However, the Gray here in their doubts to be surprisingly self-critical! Would have asked: how an ordinary clerk of the Patent Office could know something about the laws of the Universe, the Supreme Light?
From where did this European arrogance to another's Past, to Asia - it is also a question of this book, but not the most important.
Among the ancient linguists would hardly have been a lot of Van Gog who began his brightest career of painter from the "Coal period", with the "Potato Eaters". But they did not forgot also about the daily bread that we'll see in other chapters! ...
Alas, in Sumer, there were many priests, wise men, officials, according to a set of names who would not allow such a primitive approach to the first word written on the earth!
In contrast to the Egyptian, priests and scribes of Sumer have dedicated this Word not only to pharaohs, deities, but more to real-life business, to Man. Perhaps, the Creator or creators of the "Creator" disliked it, like we may see in Chapter 11 of much more recent "Genesis," where the Sumerians were mentioned first and last time, as we all think ...
The Chinese "religion of thought", Taoism, Confucianism, were also addressed to a man, his daily life, business, society. This is main Sumerian heritage of the East, although southern and highland religion is more addressed to the post-mortem, not earthly, vain life but all the same of Man.
This conversation will go later, but now we just want to reiterate that the approach of more later nations to the written word will unlikely be more primitive, even if they cut their first words, travel notes, notches at the bark of the sacred oaks (dub - russ ), so consonant with the Sumerian "tablets" (dub) for writing ...
Chinese scribes do not accidentally wrote his first sayings, as the first Sumerian, in a columns, erected to the sky like those Pillars of Babylon, but which, unlike stone, have survived the centuries that have passed before us ...
NOTES
In the preface to the published separately the first chapter of the book, we would like to note for most readers some features of reading Vietnamese words in Latin:
Letter "d, gi" read in North Vietnam as sounds "z", and in the South - as "j". Also, letter "r" is read as "z", and "r", respectively. So in Chinese letter "r" is read as "r" only at the end of a syllable. The sound of "d" is denoted HERE, in Samizdat(in the Vietnamese another) like letter "D". Other consonants are not so much distorted by geography, so we omit these differences. We emphasize this in order to show clearly, in a rather simple example, what role grammar, writing play in the knowledge of languages! They seem are creating a job for themselves for the future. But the Sumerians also easily treated the alternation of sounds and consonants "r" and "z", which is not so easy to pronounce in different ages and different nations, including multinational Babylon.
Take the consonants "r-l" of Chinese and Japanese ... Alas, the last - l does not exist in Japanese, and consonants c, j, z, do not stop in China, the Japanese have a very limited distribution even in the dictionary ... In the Sumerian dictionary all those difficult to pronunciation consonants very prudently have a very limited distribution ... But the consonants g, k, n, s is very abundant in the Sumerian and Vietnamese speeches, which are not such "babbling" as the Chinese speech ... It is no accident, even all the latin letters can not express the variety of sounds in the scale g-k, s-z,-n- Vietnam speech. Latin's as helpless in China and in Sumer, as we can see ... The whole "rank" (STRoy - russ) of Latin, Slavic consonants can not just announce the eastern, unwritten consonants, not to mention the sonant, vowel!
This is Languages??-Music! Its have their own laws, which are not subject to the laws of Hammurabi and other ...
Of course, for this kind of correspondence for us is not preferable to use the national spelling of words, but their transcription, but the phonological letter has long been engaged in this, but a cart bogged down in the same place so far. In addition, transcription (same international language!) reflects the modern pronunciation of the word, but a national record often reflects its more ancient pronunciation, which corresponds more to our problems of retrospective studies. Therefore, for the English, Slavonic words, we often give it in Old English(o-engl), Old Slavonic(o-slav) spelling...
The example of Vietnam is more complex and global, that we try to discover the latest ... But the missionary, as well as colonial violence perpetrated on this language, too obvious, so we have to mention this in the preface. One has only to be surprised that the French language did not imposed the Vietnamese language its own paradoxical vocal, and limited, as the Portuguese, two-story set of ticks and sticks over the vowels, literally constructing some sort of Tower of Babel, perhaps imagining themselves with the right hand of the Creator!
However, an unusually rich, musical phonetics of vowel sounds in Vietnamese, Chinese and Finnish languages ??we do not show, because, firstly, it is not yet known for the "silent" Sumerian language. Second, it would be even more conceal our picture correspondences between such distant languages??, taking into account the transformations that are undergoing a more stable, basic consonants for written language, examples of which we have also tried not to consider ...
In the first chapter, devoted to the Word, we are not as thoroughly examined interlingual correspondence. Every nation has its own word, has all rights to it! So here we are no hurry with the findings of conformity relationship or similarity of languages. Let the word speaks for itself. Concreteness required in a conversation about things, but it is other chapters ...
Also differences in the phonetics, grammar, there are strong in the neighboring languages ??within language families. Therefore we were interested mainly in acoustic correspondence similar within the meaning of morphemes, semantic groups of morphemes, derivational morphemes in several languages being compared, what in the opinion Dolgopolsky AB (1), Polivanov ED (2), Syromyatnikov NA (3) are unlikely to belong to the category of random phenomena. However, one chapter it is not enough for this!
The author would like to first express my deep appreciation to the Pennsylvanian scientist S. Tinney, Ph. Jones, whose very extensive material on the Sumerian and Akkadian languages used in this paper. We are not making references to other works, in particular, Polish Assyriologist J. Brown and others, in which the authors were engaged in similar comparisons. We do not have the raw materials of these authors and we have no purpose here to establish our priorities, which were installed many thousands of years ago! Our goal - in other! ...
Well, first of all, we just want to play the oldest game of Homo Sapiens - in Wordball. For the other ancient "dice" Man did not need mind. For it was enough to kill and eat ...
This book was written for a long time by all mankind, but the names of its first principal authors, no one knows ...
But the author expresses appreciation to all who will render some help, assistance, connect to the completion of this work, which I make for many years in perfect solitude, amid the ruins of the largest in the history Babylon, SU ... But in fact, only the bare walls, towers, state, dynasty, empire, even civilization collapse, turning into dust ...
The Word is immortal ...
The Sumerian language was used in Babylon, though in a very limited range, up to the I century BC, the century heyday of Rome and the coming of God's Word ... Many Sumerian morphemes became legacy of Akkadian and other Babylonian peoples, which the Sumerians have accustomed to literacy, culture, art, long before other barbarian peoples ... But the Word together with schools and the Sumerians after the failed uprising Rome-Sin II against the regime of the Amorites in 1736 BC "came out of the gates" of hostile to them Babylon and...
The easiest way to tell that the people that appeared out of nowhere, and disappeared into nowhere ... Alas, from our purely scientific point of view - only faceless, nameless crowds, the hordes of brainless barbarians and savages herds are immortal and do not exterminable, but people-creators of civilizations, are mortal. Languages of the crowds, the barbarians are still alive, they pray for immortality, beg for an eternity. The first languages ??of the world, who created the other, is dead ...
The question suggests itself: Is there any meaning, the need to call himself, declaring himself immortal in this world? Is there a meaning to call themselves the People in general?
But the reason for sadness is not here ... "Only by becoming dead languages ??become immortal" - wrote Antoine de Rivarol, and we are happy to agree with the second half of his immortal phrase, too ...
Yes, we can improve this world, teach it reading and writing ... but to remake the world of fratricides is impossible ...
Simply come out of the Gate, or rather, re-enter through them in a totally different world that you create for yourself is ...
The Gates are wonderful, magical about just that! Only for them we should have to build walls around the cities, our homes ...
MOUTH, GATEofWORD.
But there, behind the gate, from the first step, we are confronted not with Confucius, but with a different kind of discomfiture and confusion. It is no accident on this road and we finally left alone!
1. The "mouth" (rot - russ; urt - kazah; uruul (lip) - mong), similar to the Japanese "funnel" (roto - jap), or "gate" (vorota, vrata - russ; var - push; oroh - mong) of words in the Sumerian denote a single word "murub". It has many other related values ? ?(middle; female genitals, vulva; buttocks, rump; knob; mouth; space between, distance; link; hips; (see - S. Tinney, Ph. Jones)).
In the derivation morpheme "mu" (to make a sound) don't take a part, like a cow-sound "mu-u" in word "Music" also.
Through these gates we enter into life, go into immortality or to nowhere ...
It correspond to Chinese words "men, menkou" (gate, door), "mu" (female, the uterus, the end ...), Japanese, Vietnamese "mon" (gate, door), Vietnamese "mom, mieng" (mouth) with a own "lip" (moi - viet; numdum (šu-um-du-um) - sum), and "mong" (buttocks), "mat xich" (link chain eyes), "am" (sound),
as well as Indo-European "mula" (mouth), Gothic "munth", Old English "muth", German "mund" , Sanskrit "mukha" (mouth, entrance), Mongolian "am" (mouth, word, language) and "umsag" (vagina)!
Vietnamese "am" also means "the female principle, yin", and the words "am Dao, am ho" - "vagiva, vulva" (imma, mug - sum), which is not so popular in dictionaries, but we find it(manda, mudy - russ) in Russian "mat"(scold) or non-literary lingo.
Indo-"mouths" are more similar to their "mouse" (mus - IE; mugak, mush - push, dari; mish - russ), rather than on their "burrows, cave" (magara - dari) - Afghans would say so.
2. Another Sumerian morpheme "mouth" (kag, ka) correspond to the Vietnamese "hong", Chinese formative morpheme "kou", Japanese "kuti", as well as the "mouth" (hula, hla - push) Pushtu, but with the Finnish "lip" (huuli - finn).
"Kou" also means "entry, exit" which correspond to the Sumerian "exit, gates, doors" (ki-e; kan - sum; cua vao, cong, ngo, cua - viet), some of which continue to Gothic "gatwo", Mongolian "haalga", Russian "kalitka"(small gate) ...
Here again we note the consonance with the Sumerian morphemes "gala, GAM" (vulva), Vietnam "gai, ho" (female, hole), Latin "cunnus" (vulva, hole), Mongolian "hevtesh" (womb), "hondloi, ogzog" (buttock) ...
These mouths are already in tune with European "holes, burrows, caves" (cave - engl; KU, hurrum - sum; ku - sin; ho, hoc - viet; kuoppa - finn; agui, hongil - mong; get - turk), and not only with "mice, rats" (ha-mun-zi-lum - sum; hulgana - mong; haozi - sin; hiiri - finn; humsiru - akk; harmush - dari, ahebar - jew) ...
Morpheme "ka, kan" similar to the more simple Chinese character "kou", a component of many other characters. In practice, this is the same white "square" ... In "murub" dominated triangular shape, white, shaded, very similar to children's drawings on the walls.
But Finns can be used here and the other "exit" (loi ra, loi thoat - viet; lahto - finn) ...
3. The Finnish word "suu" (mouth), which is "chewed" (zhui - russ), "say" (sanoa) residents Suomi, corresponds to the Chinese "zui" (mouth, tongue).
We may note here consonant words "angry" (suuttua - finn; sur - sum; du(zu!) - viet), "bear" (suvaita - finn), "great, very" (suuri - finn; asar - mong; man mac - viet; mah - sum) and "very, very big" (zui - sin), as well as "wine, a crime" (syy - finn; zui - sin; zašda- sum; zem, osol - mong) and other "areas , the way "(suuntaa - finn; xu huong, xu the - viet; zouxiang - sin; šušer - sum; zyg, zam - mong) of following matches ...
But talk about it further, otherwise we get confused from the beginning completely, and not "going out" (ra, xuat - viet; zig, gaba zig - sum; garah - mong) for the next "gate" (shaar - jew; esik - kazah) in "void" (sidug, sug - sum; suong, ro, rong - viet; šilu - akk; hooson - mong) some "holes" (suray, sorah - push, dari), like "ass" (shiri - jap) ...
The similarity observed in all the languages ??for the word "Throat" (guMUR, geli - sum, hong, go hong - viet, houlong, sang - sin, kurkku, kaula - finn; gorlo - russ). This continues a series of correspondences in Indo-European throat "g ? el", in the King's Indian "gala-m", Jewish "garon", and other.
4. Sumerian-Akkadian morpheme "pu" (mouth) with Proto-Ural "lip" (pe (p) t - p-ural; papus - ainu), has something in common with the Jewish "pe"(mouth),
which re-tune "entry" (paasy - finn), "gate" (postis, porta - lat; abula - sum; abullu, babu - akk ), "locking" of the "wall" "Fortress" (bi - sin),
but which may be a simple "hole" (burud, pu, puzur - sum; pozhan - sin; palašu, huppu - akk) in the "belly" (pantex - lat), in the "clay piggy bank" (puman - sin), and a large "mouse" (peš - sum), and what they "say, call, open, suck" (bao, bieu; bo; bu - viet; puhua - finn).
China are left all with a "nose" (bi - sin) with their "vagina, vulva" (bi - sin), "whores" (poxie - sin), which resonate with different Russian counterparts (piska, pizda ... - russ), with Akkadian "biritu, bissuru", with the Jewish "pot" , which also have the Indo-European "lips" (bu-IE).
Confusion incredible! But almost all the groups mentioned above semantic morpheme remains the priority for the eastern gate: Sumer, China, Vietnam, Mongol..., Suomi - with their stable bundles "mouth - gate - gate of life "...
5. Only in our age-old "hole" (dira - russ), "door" (dver - russ; dar - push; delet - jew; dvar, dur - sans; dor, duru - o-engl; darbaza - kazah; yyd - mong ), the Chinese can just "tap" (damen - sin), but and here they have their "door to the top" (ta - sin)!
"Mouth" (dahan - dari) Afghans could "say" (diber - jew) that in Dari, but strangers' "lips"(tun - sum; turpa - finn; dudak - turk).
"Mouse" (thu, chuot - viet; tishkan - kazah) too - in all languages ??of the mouse world ...
The Sumerian mouseis silent until ...
Yes, the gates of Babylon were a lot! Many foreigners went in them from all sides of the Light...
The question remains open: in which the gates builders' of the eastern "pyramids"(jinzita - sin; tsats, suvarga - mong) or" ziggurats "(unir, sigguratu - sum),
or may the whole "earth" (zikura, kindu - sum; the gioi, qua Dat - viet; gazar - mong; shijien - sin; zemlya - russ; dzmoka, zamin - push, dari),
the whole "world, the sky" (gioi - viet ; šu, šar; zikum - sum; zambuulin - mong)
are gone out?...
SILENCE OFMILLENNIUM..
After "One Hundred Years" (ji - sin) "solitude" (dili - sum; duli, dan, jimo - sin; Don, leloi - viet; dan - mong; delu, edu-akk; bedidut - jew; pito (one) - o-jap; bikes, tek (one) - turk) of Gabriel Garcia Marquez in "remoteness" (pijing - sin; poissa - finn; apo - IE; feor - more),
and more then three thousand years of "silence" (me - sum, im, ngay mat - viet; mo, momo - sin, mukka - finn, maona, mauna - sans; molcha - russ;
our "books" (ji, jing- sin) is much more polyphonic
"banality, simplicity, vulgarity" (idim - sum; diji, disu, dinengr, jiandan, tingliu, ma, man - sin; tho bi, tam thuong, moc mac - viet; tavallinen, mauton - finn;)
do not cease for centuries the Babylonian "bazaar" (šakanka - sum; zah, zeel - mong; ji, shichang, hui - sin; shuk - jew; charshi-turk),
the immortal "middle class" (shikuaiqi - sin ) ...
"Conversations" (huihua - sin; hoi - viet) do not cease on "fairs" (hui - sin ) thousands ...
But that silence is one of the two "poles"(ji - sin, zag - sum; zah - mong; ria - viet), one of the two natural state of the language.
We see this even in the "voids, gaps, pauses" (sug, agazig - sum; doc, dau lang, rongkhong, cho trong - viet; zai, zogsots, gazar, hooson - mong; xiuzhi, kongxin, tingdun, dun - sin; kundo - IE:
tyhjyys, tauko - finn; taema - jap; tuccha - sans; eru - akk; haphuga - jew; cuaille - celt; kemtik, kuys, tynys - kazah) of texts, in their signs, in different compositions
of "white" (babbar - sum; bach, phau-viet; bai, baise, baila, danbai, ai - sin; ak, appak, beyaz - kazah, turk; pesu - akk; valkea - finn ; hwit - o-engl; beliy - russ; alba, belos -celt; bamio- iran; bal- arm; balaksa - sans) void of "white lotus" (bailian - sin)
and "black, dark" (mes, giggi, sumug, udmud - sum; musta, sysimusta, tumma, hamy, pimea - finn; bam, huyen, mit mo, mo am, si, sam, Den, Den toi, toi mit , tham - viet; an, man, mei, mohu, hei, gui, ke, (guang), li, lu, shense, wu, pou - sin; har, baraan - mong;
salmu - akk; shahor - jew; myrce , deorc, sweart, wan - o-engl; adaig, melem, temel - celt; ater, niger - lat; mayrr-germ; malin, masi, kalitva, kavara, tamo - sans; kuroi - jap; kara, siyah - kazah , turk; kirros, amauros - greek; kax R areda, temah - iran)
labor masters' of "books" (lu - sin),
which "glosses over" (mar, gunu - sum; mo, gou - sin, quet - viet; kitata- finn; equ - akk) void,
writes "in black and white" (mingwen, baizhi heizi - sin), to give the other "white" (shiro - jap), "grey"(seriy - russ) ...
"Darkness" (mrak, mgla, hmar, sumrak, thma, potemcy, chernota - russ) was the same all over the world!
We stand still in "silent amazement" (lib - sum, lang - viet, liaobuqi- sin) in front of him, as if to "royal tomb" (lang-viet; lingmu - sin), just before the "grave" (mu, fenmu, gongmu - sin; ma, mo, huyet - viet; hauta - finn; ki-mah - sum, where ki = place) ...
And only a "blind" (mang, xia, xiazi - sin; sokea- finn; mu, nguoi mu, Dui - viet; nydgyi - mong; igi-nu-du - sum, where nu = man = nguoi- viet) do not see
"image" (mao - sin; mieu ta - viet; mete - sum; muoto - finn; mayag - mong; simtu - akk) of the silence.
CRY, NOISE, SOUND OF STREET
Not surprising was pandemonium in the streets of ancient Babylon, filled with many foreigners, abundant in the word that we will see later. But Babel was not built to simply mix their languages. Babylon was built in order to make noise, screams, spoken voices of different peoples, savage tribes - its first languages.
The basis for this was the written language of ancient Sumer, the country's literacy, campaign for abolishing illiteracy (saomang - sin)! Yes, over-all, with no distinction between friends and foes. The famous stone stele with inscriptions in three languages is the first true Wonder of the world. It is much higher than the Egyptian pyramids of Egyptian pharaohs well above the Alexander Column, colorful Babylonian Gardens. Many of the recognized wonders of the world were able to survive until modern times in the Word, knows how to keep silent ...
But the ancient sages grew up on noisy, vociferous "streets" (esir, sila, tilla, ublia- sum, where ub = corner, li - twig) of ancient Sumer,
which became later Akkadian "suqu, sulu", crowded, and multiple Chinese "xiang, jie, jietou, dalu, dadao, daolu, tong, hutong, lu, long, beixiang", & thanon Thailand,
"roads, avenues, alleys, streets" (xa lo, lo, Dai lo, Duong, hem, ngo hem, pho) in Vietnam, & "via , platea" Rome,
The ideogram "tilla" incredibly similar to a dual character dao (path, true) in one of the options in the other recalling the intersection of four roads or character tou (head) ...
But not likely the "whispers" (isiš - sum, xi xao, ri ram, di - viet, eryu, sususheng - sin, supattaa - finn, sihu - akk, shivneh - mong; shepot - russ) their wisdom was heard in these streets,
although her "voice" (teš - sum; duu - mong) is very in tune with "silence" (tish - russ; tyyni - finn; tinh - viet; disheng - sin; dugai - mong; tit - push; tis - turk , tym, tolas - kazah; demama - jew; tusniim - sans, tak - IE, taceo - lat)
and with the "voices, noise" (tieng - viet) and even the "explosion" (tieng sung - viet; tesreh - mong) Vietnamese,
who is therefore not afraid of them, even when the sky above they became the abode of "Thunder" (sam, sam set - viet; guane-si - sum) Zeus, Who "blew" (si-gurah - sum) in the "horn" (si - sum; giac, sung - viet) at all "frets" (si - sum) of the war...
But here, in the world of words, we can hear and simple, even the wild, fighting, "cries, shouts" (akkil, gagig, giri, gu, kušum, tal - sum; keu, keu la, keu gao (cuu), ho het , hon, than - viet; huutaa, kirkua, kaiku - finn; hu, jiaohan, hanshen, huhaon - sin; hashgarah - mong; kolahala, phut, tankara - sans; gurultu, kavga, kiku - kazah, turk; krik - russ; crien, houpen, cirman, clipung - o-engl; karmeh - germ; gag, gauga, qil-o-qal (!) - push, dari; glos, kei, ger - IE).
More ominous consonants "noise, screaming" (RI - sum, rakabu, rigmu - akk; ro, rao, roi le - S-viet; raikua, riita, urista - finn; rash - jew; rychat, revet, ryavkat - russ; rop - swed; reisei - jap) are less often and everywhere ...
Solid consonant create more "noise" (dubdab, dumdam, tal - sum; tieng Dong, tap am,thanh - viet; dahan - sin; duun, duulian - mong; dabyr, du, duman - kazah; din - o-engl; dhwen - IE; darda - greek; tumul - sans) in the world.
In the East, even "ejaculate" (tal, dub nir - sum; than, noi ... - viet; duudal, duun, halaglan - mong; dajiao, nao - sin; huudahtaa - finn; nida, nara - push) were very similar...
All "noises" (namgurah - sum; naqu - akk; nao - sin; ngay, nhao - viet) of the Nature is similar. Is there a place for arbitrariness in Nature? No!
Here we have in mind the "Principle of the arbitrariness of the sign (acoustic!)", at which referred F. de Saussure, who on the basis of this principle considered the origin of languages ??is not as important as some think. But as it was considered different if the first literary memorials Vedi Sanskrit, which some people still consider our mother-language, appeared almost simultaneously with the writing of Greece, in the VIII-IX centuries BC, and so on ...
Another thing - a Sumerian language, the precursors of which we know nothing! But the Sumerian language already know a little bit ...
But on the very principle we would like to say here only that the "arbitrary" selection "sonic sign", "first word" was, first, limited to the criteria of beauty. None of our words does not look like a babbling madman. All material antiquities also show that if people knew how to appreciate the beauty! Second, the arbitrariness was limited by the physiology of the first talkative or glamorous...
In Sumerian "noise, voices" (ad - sum; duu - mong) resonate even "traditional Vietnamese songs" (a Dao), consonant with some Sumerian "songs" (tigi, adab, endu - sum; duu - mong), c Mongolian "opera" (duur - mong), although both morphemes Vietnamese words refer to the ladies, singing them to the "mother" (aidin - finn) language another than Sumerian "ušela" (female lament singer), but equally pleasing to the "ears"(ushy - russ) ..
Vowels are less likely to "make noise, scream" (a, a'u, aya, u, urar, ad - sum; am, inh, u, uc, uom, vang, vong, vu - viet; am, ayanga, ayadah, avia, ulilt, ulih, ungah, uray, uur, hur - mong; wu - sin; ulvoa, urista - finn; yn, avaz - kazah, turk; vinada - sans; wau - modern),
but they also did not refute the words of the Bible that at the earth one language was in the beginning, before the Advent of writing, meaningful Words.
We can say the same thing, getting into any foreign market, on the Malay-Singapore Bazaar, on the Sorochynsky Fair ...
It is necessary to draw attention to another group of onomatopoetic morphemes, words Sumerian language, reflected in the Russian word "sound" (zvook) if the "echo" (gu šum (šum = give) - sum; huisheng - sin; tsuuray - mong; šagamu - akk; doi (to bound, to resound, throw ...), tieng doi, du am, vang doi - viet; kaiku - finn),
wafting to us "winds blow" (tumu - sum; thoi - viet; tuuli - finn ) of time or its "drafts" (toufeng - sin).
This is a Sumerian word suhsah, zigzag, zurzar (sound (onomatopoeic)), as well as zuša (roaring; murmuring).
They are, except for "Odessa noise" corresponds to "resound" (doi, ran - viet; xiang - sin; soida - finn),
Sumerian "roar" (murmara ša - sum; ramamu - akk) consonant "soundly" (giap mat-viet), "resound" (am - viet; ming - sin), as well as the "roar" (melu - finn; mooroh - mong .)
We can hardly attribute these morphemes in the category of correspondences. They would rather just talk about a similar mechanism of onomatopoeic word formation, where it is a screaming, noise, screaming ... About the origins of human language...
However, as we noted earlier, Sumerian linguists treated very strictly to every word. All of these inarticulate, almost animal, unconscious sounds were quite meaningful words in the written language it is! In speaking there is no reason to give the names of noise, the screaming, we hear. We just shout in response, or silent.
Becoming a written language - this is the finding of every word of its new meaning, value! Creating a written language, like mathematics, as it was the Sumerians who came to music the same way as Pythagoras was trying to do afterwards, but without creating a language, music, unfortunately. Pythagoras used language that was already created by others before him, mostly poets, blind mythmaker, which was more important for the sound, the beauty of words, for they saw no real content, inventing it own!
But man was created himself in order to create their own, new thing, but not just a copy of God. To do so, God could have created a helpmate for Himself!
Alas, Homer had to be blind to create all of our Literature!
And therefore the Sumerians created agglutinative language in which the proposals were similar to mathematical formulas, and any words were similar numbers! Such a language could not die in principle that we can see an example of some morphemes, in real life do not have any meaning or entirely different. Saussure's right! A complete "outrage"! ...or arbitrariness? Where is it?
What kind of popular speech we are talking about? And in what dialect we say about this? About the songs Bojan? What do we know about the ancient "people's" primitive language, if we judge by writing about it? Or we visited Athens fairs, the Forum in Rome?
Oh, yes, that Hellas was the next step in the evolution of words, when the word creation became the Art created something that is not the Creator created Himself... Hellas, Ilion so in tune with the "songs" (Elil, Elilum, Elulam, Ilalum, Illalum, Illu, Ilu ... - sum) Sumerian!
And with our Hell!
But first, it was necessary to create the Word "Creator" (Ilu - sum), "The Spirit" (Alad - sum; Ling - sin) of the word, or at least his "statue" (Alan, nam-Tibira - sum; Dur - mong; Tuong - viet; Diaoxing - sin), or some "affinity"(ai luc - viet) of "Authority"(Uy luc - viet)" of "Great"(lon - viet) "Dragon"(long - viet)...
LAMENTATION
And the Creator, "the higher, upper," "companion, friend", "Deity" (Anta; Anguba - sum; Anh; ong ba, ong but, ong to, ong Troi - viet),
"Guardian" (namennug - sum; an, an ninh - viet; manaa - mong) was very necessary in Sumer, as in "Nam"(An Nam - viet),
as "the sun" (nang, anh nang - viet; nar- mong) in "heaven" (an-sum; ong troi - viet) in the "Noon" (anbar - sum; ngo - viet).
"Man" (nam - viet), "Lord" (nam - sum) is required for any "Son" (nam - viet; nugan-mong) of God,
as a "helper" (a2-tah, ka-tab - sum; tro thu, phu ta - viet; where tab - companion; ta - officer; thu - to guard),
Because in a very poor (!) of resources Sumer fate and lives of its hardworking people have been severe. They were hard and wait, and take favors, handouts from nature. Therefore here, especially in Babylon, all was on a strict accounting. The fate of Shumer was very similar to the fate of the long-suffering Chinese people. Therefore, the priests of Sumer gave a special cult mention for cries of sorrow, tears of despair of ordinary people ...
"Grief, sorrow, trouble" (isiš - sum; ausau, sau, uusau, rau, ruoi, saumuon-viet; aishang, qi, saoxing, zaihuo, zaigao, you, youshang, min- sin; suru, murhe - finn, tsarah - jew; zovlon - mong; aza, zar, zil, sher - kazah; sorg, sorh, sarig - o-engl; sauda - dari) were the same everywhere and at all times, but in Sumer we found few similar words .
"Why produce such a superfluous essence as evil?" - Occam would have asked Adam for the first time and sign for a second time and laugh for a third time!
The world of words has become more rich and varied verbal "sad, trouble and sorrow" (taihoa, kho, Daukho, tham - viet; ai, aidao, aishang, aitan, bei, beiju, tongku, daomei, ku, kunao, huohai, fachou, lan, lar, nan, nanguo, nao, wan, wei - sin; ahdinko - finn; lai, gai, harlah - mong; luctus, lues, maeror, triste - lat;liho, beda, drjasel, gore, muka, pechal... - slav; wa, wea, cearu - o-engl; kara - got; alam, andoh, bala, gam,gossa, gossa, nul - push, dari; bele, beis, kaigi, keder, kappa, gaile, gam, dert, teessur, elem, mun - turk, kazah; arti, bhaya, cuma, du, duh-kha, visanna - sans) after the Sumerians, especially in China, where there were many dialects that do not have separate languages, all adding up the wealth of sounds and meanings into a single treasury single written language ...
Even the "Word" (ena, akshara) was in tune with the "trouble" (enas), "sin"(akuchala), for example, in the divine Sanskrit. And the Slavic "word" (Slovo, govor) was in tune with the "evil, woe" (zlo, gore), "sorrow", and with the people themselves! It should be noted the combination of "good"(Dobro) and "sorrow"(scorb) of the Slavs with the "goods" (dobro), property or "bag and baggage"(Skarb).
This is again evidence of the involvement in the formation, preservation of national languages ??as a linguistic so and "logistics" or, more precisely, trade, do not always agree with each other. Only optimists and dreamers can be real traders, merchants, who cobble together capital from the Nothing from the air - phonetically! Who else could understand the price of Word?
But sometimes the "voice, sound" (sheng - sin; šeg - sum), "word, language" (am - mong) became the foundation of "life" (sheng - sin; amdral - mong) people ...
In this series of troubles we find it hard to talk about correspondences and borrowings, if you do not take into account the time emergence of writing in different nations, and the existence of trade relations between them, are widely developed since the days of Sumer. But these morphemes speak for themselves, and not only from neighboring nations today.
Here, we only want to note once again the incredible polyphony of Chinese language. It is caused not only a difficult, often tragic fate of this long-suffering people, but also antiquity, including the antiquity of his love for his language, as to the main shrine! Many dynasties changed in China, but the characters remain inviolable ... they could only improve, grow into new meanings.
The priests in China, not settled the world, to dissociate themselves from which the walls, but the fate of the man himself, people and society. Sumerian creators have paid less attention to this ... The Chinese and the nation, and the Word became more "introverted" than Sumerians, who built the whole World, turned out to be too ungrateful to the Creator! Many Gods, the God-man, the kings of Sumer did not help him. Their names were easily replaced by others ... This is not only to replace the Man- Creator!
But the man "complaints, laments" (anir, ašša, širsag, zarah, du, giri'ilu, makkaš, ururu, ug, uli, ululumama) had a lot in the language of Sumerian,
Vietnam (nai, nai xin, yeu sach, xot xa, ren ri, Dau, than tho, yeu cau, keu la, mach, loi ren ri, loi le), in which the word served to the Man, Creator, the employee...
They became less and less, where the word "complaint" (saali, surkeasti - finn, ikkillu, lallaratu, nissatu, tanehu, yaruru - akk; gomdol, zoviur - mong; zhalba, molba, tuzhba - slav; shikayet, shagu, dat - turk, kazah; shikayat, gila - push, dari; delatio - lat; tluna - jew) was to serve the power, Mammon ...
The gods are more tolerant to the number of complaints and complainants.
All human "moan" (še ša - sum; ren, ren ri, ni non - viet; shenyin, hengjiao - sin; stonaty, nity - russ; stan - sans; zgervay, nala - push, dari) equally, but not always like "groan" Itself.
All the "cry" (er pad, šeš, zarah - sum; ua, u ru, xuyt xoa,roi le, khoc - viet; aidao, suku, salei, haotao, ku, kuqi, liulei, peiku, tao - sin; varistys, surra - finn; agit - turk; uylah - mong; baku, bikitu, dimtu, nissatu - akk; beki, ilalot - jew; fleo -lat; kei, klau - IE; teikyu -jap) a same "weeping",
But even the literary dogs "barking"(cho sua, sua - viet; haukkua - finn; hutsah - mong; fei, yin, wang - sin; gapel, af - push, dari; woof - engl; navah, lineboha - jew; lai - russ; latro - lat; uru, shabalandau - turk, kazah) in all different ways, sometimes just like... At the street!
Alas, it is also a "voice crying" (lai - sin) in the desert of life!
PRAY
All through suffering, "mourning"(sang - sin; aza - dari; tcrnina - serb), turned into the "prayers" (šaneša, nigaldi, arazu - sum; xin xo, su nan ni, nan ni, ru - viet; sangqi, aiqiu, qiqiu - sin; erištu, unninu - akk; armo, rukous - finn; ariza, zari - push, dari; prosba, nitjo - russ),
that could cause a "compassion" (muš-am, šaneša - sum; (am), long thuong, xot, xot xa - viet; min, lianmin - sin; osanotto, saali - finn; milost, mil - o-slav), "forgiveness" (mien - viet), "cordial" (man ma - viet; miloserdie- russ) of the gods,
in the "Temple" (mieu- viet), the "holy place" (muš3 - sum), in another "place" (me - viet) ...
What surprised verbosity ancient Sumerians, if the English language through many invasions, no less wordy, when "beg, entreat, beseech, ask, request" (inanna, en tar - sum; anhan, nguyen, nan ni, van nai, van tam ... - viet; yangqiu - sin; anoa - finn; nity - russ),
whispers "prayer" (šita, siškur, šu'ila - sum; zalbiral - mong; su cau kinh, su cau nguyen, loi cau xin - viet; qidaowen, daogao - sin; dua, doa - push, dari; tefila - jew; yakarish, duga, dua - turk, kazah; riksu, ikribu - akk; rukos - finn) to their gods, which deal only with our problems.
Working morpheme "hand" (šu) served as an assistant here Sumerians, and the Vietnamese - "business, affair" (su), with whom we have not once meet. The Finns had an assistant, apparently, the Russian "hand" (ruka - russ)!
Of course, the gods, "blessed" (šu e - sum; sung bai - viet; zhu, zhixie - sin; siunaus - finn; sysleh - mong; wasu - akk)
all who "trust, faith" (tam, dam, giškim, nir gal, šu la2 ... - sum; tin, Dao, ngo, giao, pho, uoc - viet; uskoa - finn; xin, dao, fu - sin; itgeh, susegleh - mong; din, dad, iman - push, dari; dat, amuna - jew; doveri, doverba - slav; qiapu, paqadu, takalu - akk; g * elyfan - o-engl; kreduo - lat) in them and in their own faith, to which we shall return in special chapter...
SING, SONG
Of course, the gods could hear all the groans and cries of the disadvantaged and at the streets and at bazaars ...
But the Sumerian priests known to himself that the gods will be pleased to hear all this in "holy places, temples, churches, chapels" (dukug, itima, nigar, ašte, sug, zaggarra - sum; Den tho, thanh, chua, mieu, giamieu, mieutho, ngoi,nha tho, nghe, giao Duong, giaohoi- viet; ta, tang, miao, jiaotang, xiaolibaitang - sin; sym, dugan, datsan -mong; bitu, kissu, kummu, sukku - akk; kappeli, kirkko, temppeli - finn; tapinak, meschit - turk; jumat, kalisa, mabad, masjid - push, dari; beit, beit kenasat, kenesia, mikadash - jew; ayatana, caytya - sans; delubrum, fanum - lat; cyrke - o-engl;),
and listen to not incoherent babbling suffering, but "Song" (ilu, elil, ilalum, šir - sum; laulu - finn; niutu, qubu, zamaru - akk; shir - jew; sandera- push;
phong dao, bai hat, bai ca, ca khuc - viet; duu - mong; changr, qu, ge, gequ - sin; raisan, rito - jap)
by the forgotten sound of "testicles" (šir - sum; hРn dАi - viet; sag, ondog - mong; ran - jap)
professional "singers" (gala, nar, lušira, ušela - sum; hat, ca si, ngheu ngao, sam - viet; lingchang, geshou - sin; laulaja - finn; kalu, zammertu - akk; zamar - jew), possessing "skillful " " voice"(kheo leo - viet),
"Art of prayer songs, Liturgy" (nam-gala - sum; nghi le, nghi thuc te le - viet; kalutu - akk), with what is now possible to compare only the "Opera" (nhac kich - viet; geju - sin) ...
Here we can quite compare "music" (nhac - viet; namnar, nab - sum) with the "fate" (nam - sum; van - viet) the "blind street singers" (sam - viet), for which everything else - "darkness" (sam - viet; sumug - sum), for which there is no difference,
what language they sing, what instrument "play" (šu gid - sum; dien tau, tau - viet; danjiru - jap; darah- mong; soittaa, toimeem - finn; zou, yanzou - sin. Here: šu - hand; dien - fase; zou - to beat): the "balalaika"(russ), the "balag, balagdi" (sum) -
its "sound" (ngan, ngam - viet) is the same everywhere, as "trills" (ngan nga - viet) birds.
But in this chapter we are only interested in those "noises, sounds" (mumun, mu - sum; am - viet; melu, aani - finn; anir - mong; ming, yin - sin),
which is composed of the "word" (am - mong) ...
SAY, SPEAK
But in Babylon, the people not only "loud, noisy disorder" (ea, eo oc - viet; duu - mong), but always "said" (e, dug, di - sum; Dam, thua, thuyet, tieng, bao, noi, - viet; tanhua, tan, tanglun,wei, yun, guachi, cao, shuo - sin;
banh, faig, iaith - celt; ban, kosem - arm; aue, ara, epos - greek; huek - etr; reordian, cwethan, sa * de, secgan, sprecan - o-engl, qithan - got, segja - norm) in many languages, as evidence the Bible.
As we can see, noise is often closer to the truth to nature, so look into this racket is not so easy if you do not follow:
A. way of "hard" consonants DT in the directions of rejuvenation: Schumer - China - Vietnam - Turks - Rome ... or Sumer - Akkad - Sanskrit - Hebrew - Europe;
B. the spread of occlusives consonants B-P in Sanskrit, Vietnam, Europe - until the Finnish Puhe, Puhua and Russian Baity, Balakati;
C. Chinese morphemes "Yun" through the neighbors of the Turks up to the Caucasus;
D. routes other consonants KGH in time and space of words ...
The role of stable, even the "unstable", uppercase consonants is large, given the brevity of the oldest, root, inherited morphemes, mainly CV, CVC, phonetic Silences of the ancient languages, and physiological characteristics of different speaking peoples.
Sanskrit, on the contrary, was extremely rich in morphemes "conversations", which is not surprising for the mountain abode of the gods, and for the flowering of the Indian subcontinent, the eternal abode of love and bliss, just earthly Paradise, where Adam had only one job - to think out all the names between the kisses and churning. Sanskrit as if trying to puzzle, to enrich the world with words or re-assemble, maintain after Babylon all the verbal variety of the ancient world. Babylon Bazaar as if moved there and got lost among the noise of the local fairs.
But his foundation, Vedic language, originated probably in the XV-XI centuries BC (VA Kochergina, 2005), and is actively formed most likely during the establishment of Buddhism. A very strong motivation needed for this, as we have noticed! The main literary memorials Sanskrit came later still, mostly in the IV-VII centuries of our era is much later than the Chinese. Priorities are not contestable by any speculation, and fraud ... Timeless magic ekzoterizm, of course, objected to quotations from the Honourable Madame Blavatsky, but the first Chinese inscriptions and were associated with magic, with fortune telling on the bones of "ancestors" ...
But only the self-styled followers dare to challenge the priority of the priests of Sumer and Egypt, or they themselves, when it is desperately needed ... everything!
In Sumer, on the contrary, we may note, first of all, the very brevity of the conversation, as well as the close relationship of the verb "to say" (