Аннотация: The Story about interest in the Novaya Zemlya and to polar bears on March 11, 2019
The Story about interest in the Novaya Zemlya and to polar bears on March 11, 2019
1. A complex problem.
"https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3880614
Polar bears are looking for where better
Magazine "Ogonyok" Љ8 from 04.03.2009, p. 4
The invasion of polar bears, which in the Arctic occured, was a signal: there are changes that are not something to stop, but even impossible to understand, to study.
Elena Kudryavtseva, Maria Portnyagina
(...) The expert in a polar bear Anatoly Kochnev about a managing problems in the Arctic
- Since 2015, the ice in the entire Arctic zone is formed much later. This year the ice formed in the Barents sea coast of Novaya Zemlya only in the middle of February,- has told "to the Spark" the Deputy head of the "program of study polar bears in the Russian Arctic", senior researcher of Institute of problems of ecology and evolution them. A. N. Severtsov of RAS Ilya Mordvintsev. He had just returned from Novaya Zemlya, where he worked as a member of the expert Committee on emergency situations.- Arctic predators hunt on sea ice, and if there is no ice, they go to get food on the mainland. Similar problems exist not only in the Russian Arctic, but also in Canada and Norway. For example, at Spitsbergen the constant group of bears which does not wish to leave far from the coast of the archipelago was now formed.
However, our situation is fundamentally different.
... Compare our attitude to the Arctic with the law in force in the northernmost city of the world - the Norwegian city of Longyearbyen. Citizens are legally forbidden to die here, because the buried body becomes the prey of polar bears. As a result, seriously ill or elderly locals have to move to the Mainland.
And the main thing is to finally disassemble the landfill with waste. The government of the Arkhangelsk region has promised to solve this problem by putting into operation the incinerator in 2020 instead of the planned start-up in 2024.
(...)
- We assume that climate change will lead to changes in the behavior of the polar bear-says another member of the Commission, Deputy Director of the national Park "Russian Arctic" for science Ivan Mizin.- How he will adapt to new conditions, whether he will dwell on the shore or leave with the ice and will not return-time will tell. Can vary the size of the body, the physiological parameters of the body.
According to experts, situations similar to what happened on the New Earth will be repeated, because the changes will not stop.
In addition to the polar bear, climate warming and ice melting will negatively affect other Arctic inhabitants.
In trouble will be Greenland seals, which give offspring only on the ice. Newborn baby seals are not able to swim, and the lack of ice for them means certain death. Walrus is endangered. These giants feed on fish and benthic invertebrates living in the bottom silt. Even now, the composition of this benthos, which has changed due to warming, is less suitable for walrus for food. Gets because of global warming and to birds - hungry polar bears ruin already several years bird's markets: devour both eggs, and birds, helpless in the period of a molt.
The watchers are already calling an occurring the environmental disaster.
(...)
The Arctic is changing rapidly, but it is still impossible to assess the scale of these changes and, most importantly, to make forecasts. Scientists pay attention that the new round of development of the Arctic is mainly carried out by the military. New objects are airfields and bases which sometimes grow near reserved territories, close an opportunity to work before biologists...
(...)
Will there be a balance between national security, economic development and environmental monitoring? Depends on it whether there will be in the Arctic someone, except the human. The polar bear has existed on the planet for several hundred thousand years. This means that he has already experienced five or six periods of global warming. However, then he had no such restless neighbors as we.
... our approach to management in the Arctic is not much different from what it was in the 1960-1970s under the Soviet Union.... I am afraid that the emergence of new bases, weather stations and even more residential settlements will aggravate the situation. The more the people who are badly presenting to feature of behavior of a polar bear, the more in the Arctic the risk of incidents is higher. New Arctic settlements demand absolutely other planning and architecture, a different approach to infrastructure. And successful examples are - in Canada, Norway.
... new settlements in the Arctic should be as compact as possible so that all vital parts of the settlement can be surrounded by a high fence. This is the only possibility of safe coexistence with animals in the Arctic.
And the problem with garbage needs to be solved the same as in Antarctic where any warehousing of waste in principle is forbidden. Yes, it is expensive, but any base is obliged to have the furnace to burn waste products. At us such a situation is from area of wishes so far. And for protection of the Red Book polar bears the authorities prefer to adopt laws on prison terms and fines for poachers instead of financing the program of development and production of the frightening-off means.
Authors:
Elena Kudryavtseva
Maria Portnyagina " [https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3880614]
The comment.
1. If you follow the logic of the law in force in the northernmost city of the world - the Norwegian city of Longyearbyen: seriously ill or elderly locals have to move to the Mainland, it is easy to find the right answer to an important question.
A furnace, which any base is obliged to have - is accessory of a compact point.
With any significant amounts of recycling on the agenda - a garbage disposal.
2. 2. "Will leave with ice and will not return" - this thought looks strange. It is how possible to understand, migrations is a way of life of a polar bear. For me personally this statement directs attention to questions: from people with what views are formed "commissions"? Who was appointed Deputy Director of the national Park "Russian Arctic"...? During the discussion of the "The Bureya theme" one of the representatives of "science"- doctor of science - took an active part. But with all the sympathy for his energy and resistance to a cold, many of his statements personally seemed to me simply unconvincing (for example, it remains unclear what should be the speed and other parameters of the landslide to cause a high "ice tsunami").
But in this situation (the Arctic environmental problems), we see the thing much more alarming :" can change the size of the body, the physiological parameters of the body"...
Such position how to name? "Do not worry. Somehow all by itself will return to normal ...". It is "science"?.. It - "national park "Russian Arctic"" ?..
"Do not worry, do not be alarmed..." "Everything will be fine...".
March 11, 2019 16: 32
Translation from Russian into English: March 11, 2019 18:02.
Владимир Владимирович Залесский "Рассказ об интересе к Новой Земле и к белым медведям 11 марта 2019 г.".